1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,054 VALERY LEGASOV: What is the cost of lies? 2 00:00:04,092 --> 00:00:05,217 Who is to blame? 3 00:00:09,820 --> 00:00:11,484 It doesn't matter. 4 00:00:11,486 --> 00:00:12,945 WOMAN: It doesn't look right. 5 00:00:15,861 --> 00:00:16,986 MAN: We taste metal. 6 00:00:17,611 --> 00:00:19,778 ENGINEER: I think there's graphite on the ground. 7 00:00:20,403 --> 00:00:21,878 You didn't see graphite. 8 00:00:21,881 --> 00:00:25,706 (YELLING) You didn't because it's not there! 9 00:00:27,778 --> 00:00:31,734 We seal off the city. Contain the spread of misinformation. 10 00:00:31,736 --> 00:00:33,150 (APPLAUSE) 11 00:00:33,152 --> 00:00:34,444 (PHONE RINGS) 12 00:00:35,653 --> 00:00:36,778 (MUFFLED GROANING) 13 00:00:38,084 --> 00:00:39,751 (RINGING CONTINUES) 14 00:00:43,245 --> 00:00:45,818 BORIS SHCHERBINA: Secretary Gorbachev has appointed a committee 15 00:00:45,820 --> 00:00:48,292 to manage the accident. You're on it. 16 00:01:03,695 --> 00:01:05,734 (WIND BLOWING SOFTLY) 17 00:01:05,736 --> 00:01:08,653 (DOSIMETER CLICKING FAINTLY) 18 00:01:23,700 --> 00:01:30,544 - Synced and corrected by VitoSilans - -- www.Addic7ed.com -- 19 00:01:33,277 --> 00:01:36,319 (MAN READING POEM IN UKRAINIAN, OVER RADIO) 20 00:01:56,361 --> 00:01:58,569 (MAN CONTINUES READING POEM OVER RADIO) 21 00:02:16,695 --> 00:02:19,277 (DOOR OPENS, CLOSES) 22 00:02:22,152 --> 00:02:24,277 (FOOTSTEPS APPROACHING) 23 00:02:29,903 --> 00:02:31,569 (TURNS OFF RADIO) 24 00:02:33,403 --> 00:02:35,444 You work too hard. 25 00:02:36,736 --> 00:02:41,270 - Where is everyone? - Oh, they refused to come in. 26 00:02:41,273 --> 00:02:43,774 - Why? - It's Saturday. 27 00:02:47,069 --> 00:02:49,484 - Why did you come in? - I work too hard. 28 00:02:49,486 --> 00:02:51,277 It's boiling in here. 29 00:02:55,986 --> 00:02:58,903 (DOSIMETER ALARM BUZZING) 30 00:03:03,569 --> 00:03:04,945 (BUZZING STOPS) 31 00:03:06,111 --> 00:03:08,410 Eight milliroentgen. A leak? 32 00:03:08,413 --> 00:03:09,663 No. 33 00:03:10,903 --> 00:03:13,484 It would've gone off before. It's coming from outside. 34 00:03:13,486 --> 00:03:15,111 The Americans? 35 00:03:16,736 --> 00:03:19,069 (WIND BLOWING) 36 00:03:36,820 --> 00:03:39,152 (MACHINES HUMMING) 37 00:03:43,861 --> 00:03:45,986 (WHIRRING) 38 00:03:46,653 --> 00:03:50,319 (PRINTER CLACKING) 39 00:03:55,861 --> 00:03:58,442 Iodine 131. 40 00:03:58,444 --> 00:04:02,359 It's not military. It's uranium decay, U-235. 41 00:04:02,361 --> 00:04:03,861 Reactor fuel? 42 00:04:06,403 --> 00:04:10,109 Ignalina. Maybe, uh, 240 kilometers away. 43 00:04:10,111 --> 00:04:12,695 (ROTARY PHONE DIALING) 44 00:04:17,528 --> 00:04:18,818 (LINE RINGS) 45 00:04:18,820 --> 00:04:20,693 Yes, this is Ulana Khomyuk 46 00:04:20,695 --> 00:04:23,275 with the Institute of Nuclear En... 47 00:04:23,277 --> 00:04:25,025 Looking for...? 48 00:04:25,027 --> 00:04:27,986 (MAN SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY OVER PHONE) 49 00:04:29,316 --> 00:04:32,234 - All right, stay calm. - MAN (OVER PHONE): Don't tell me to stay calm. 50 00:04:32,236 --> 00:04:34,194 (MAN CONTINUING INDISTINCTLY) 51 00:04:36,027 --> 00:04:38,901 They're at four. It's not them. 52 00:04:38,903 --> 00:04:41,829 - Who's the next closest? - It's Chernobyl, but that's not possible. 53 00:04:41,832 --> 00:04:43,359 They're 400 kilometers away. 54 00:04:43,361 --> 00:04:45,567 That's too far for eight milliroentgen. 55 00:04:45,569 --> 00:04:47,275 They'd have to be split open. 56 00:04:47,277 --> 00:04:49,484 Maybe they know something. 57 00:04:49,486 --> 00:04:51,611 (ROTARY PHONE DIALING) 58 00:04:54,486 --> 00:04:56,361 (LINE RINGING) 59 00:04:57,069 --> 00:04:59,776 - Iodine. - Could it be a waste dump? 60 00:04:59,778 --> 00:05:01,234 KHOMYUK: No. 61 00:05:01,236 --> 00:05:03,693 We'd be seeing other isotopes. 62 00:05:03,695 --> 00:05:07,056 Nuclear test? Uh, new kind of bomb? 63 00:05:07,059 --> 00:05:10,194 We'd have heard. That's what half our people work on here. 64 00:05:11,653 --> 00:05:16,484 Something with the space program like a satellite or...? 65 00:05:16,486 --> 00:05:18,275 (LINE RINGING) 66 00:05:18,277 --> 00:05:20,403 No one's answering the phone. 67 00:05:22,152 --> 00:05:25,277 (LINE RINGING) 68 00:05:31,319 --> 00:05:32,567 (RINGING CONTINUES) 69 00:05:32,569 --> 00:05:34,653 (SIRENS WAILING) 70 00:05:40,528 --> 00:05:43,317 - ZINCHENKO: Get everyone started on an IV. - We don't have enough. 71 00:05:43,319 --> 00:05:45,401 - All the children then. - But we don't have enough! 72 00:05:45,403 --> 00:05:46,901 As many as you can. 73 00:05:46,903 --> 00:05:51,192 - ZINCHENKO: Where's the old man? - He's set up a burn ward in 16. 74 00:05:51,194 --> 00:05:54,569 (NOISY CHATTERING) 75 00:06:04,277 --> 00:06:05,943 What are you doing? What is that? 76 00:06:05,945 --> 00:06:08,150 Milk. It's milk. Much better than water. 77 00:06:08,152 --> 00:06:09,734 No, no, no. Stop. Stop! 78 00:06:09,736 --> 00:06:12,317 - What are you doing? - These are radiation burns! 79 00:06:12,319 --> 00:06:14,402 Their clothes are contaminated! 80 00:06:14,405 --> 00:06:15,905 Help me! 81 00:06:17,236 --> 00:06:18,776 Get it all off. 82 00:06:18,778 --> 00:06:19,943 (MOANING) 83 00:06:19,945 --> 00:06:21,986 We're taking it down to the basement. 84 00:06:24,903 --> 00:06:26,609 He was a firefighter from Chernobyl. 85 00:06:26,611 --> 00:06:28,234 Can you stop pushing, please? 86 00:06:28,236 --> 00:06:30,150 (MUFFLED SHOUTING) 87 00:06:30,152 --> 00:06:33,693 - (CROWD SHOUTING) - SOLDIER: We have our orders! 88 00:06:33,695 --> 00:06:36,317 - Disperse! - Hey, there! Get him! 89 00:06:36,319 --> 00:06:38,317 (LYUDMILLA SHOUTS INDISTINCTLY) 90 00:06:38,319 --> 00:06:40,818 WOMAN: Why you keeping us out here? 91 00:06:40,820 --> 00:06:42,945 (CLAMORING) 92 00:06:44,403 --> 00:06:46,319 (CLAMORING) 93 00:07:34,736 --> 00:07:36,734 (DOOR OPENS, CLOSES) 94 00:07:36,736 --> 00:07:38,567 Professor Legasov? 95 00:07:38,569 --> 00:07:40,059 Oh, no, not yet. 96 00:07:40,062 --> 00:07:42,693 They're finishing up some other business. It'll be a few more minutes. 97 00:07:42,695 --> 00:07:45,526 - Can I get you some tea? - No, I'm fine. Thank you. 98 00:07:45,528 --> 00:07:48,501 Would you care to read Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's report while you wait? 99 00:07:48,504 --> 00:07:50,194 Certainly. Thank you. 100 00:07:54,236 --> 00:07:57,236 (DOOR OPENS, CLOSES) 101 00:08:17,861 --> 00:08:19,945 (PAPER RUSTLES) 102 00:08:29,236 --> 00:08:31,277 (PAGES RUSTLING) 103 00:08:47,444 --> 00:08:49,693 (DOOR OPENS) 104 00:08:49,695 --> 00:08:51,778 KREMLIN AIDE: All right, Professor. They're ready. 105 00:08:53,027 --> 00:08:54,820 Professor Legasov? 106 00:09:19,945 --> 00:09:21,934 GORBACHEV: You have my support. 107 00:09:28,238 --> 00:09:30,595 GORBACHEV: Thank you all for your duty to this commission. 108 00:09:30,598 --> 00:09:33,651 We will begin with Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's briefing, 109 00:09:33,653 --> 00:09:37,359 and then we will discuss next steps if necessary. 110 00:09:37,361 --> 00:09:39,317 Thank you, comrade General Secretary. 111 00:09:39,319 --> 00:09:43,526 I'm pleased to report that the situation in Chernobyl is stable. 112 00:09:43,528 --> 00:09:46,887 Military and civilian patrols have secured the region, 113 00:09:46,890 --> 00:09:49,234 and Colonel General Pikalov, 114 00:09:49,236 --> 00:09:52,150 who commands troops specializing in chemical hazards, 115 00:09:52,152 --> 00:09:54,275 has been dispatched to the plant. 116 00:09:54,277 --> 00:09:56,901 In terms of radiation, plant director Bryukhanov 117 00:09:56,903 --> 00:10:00,317 reports no more than 3.6 roentgen. 118 00:10:00,319 --> 00:10:02,876 I'm told it's the equivalent of a chest X-ray. 119 00:10:02,879 --> 00:10:05,859 So if you're overdue for a check-up... 120 00:10:05,861 --> 00:10:08,651 - And foreign press? - Totally unaware. 121 00:10:08,653 --> 00:10:11,359 KGB First Deputy Chairman Charkov assures me 122 00:10:11,361 --> 00:10:14,526 that we have successfully protected our security interests. 123 00:10:14,528 --> 00:10:16,984 GORBACHEV: Good. Very good. 124 00:10:16,986 --> 00:10:19,569 Well, it seems like it's well in hand, so... 125 00:10:20,736 --> 00:10:23,611 if there's nothing else, meeting adjourned. 126 00:10:24,569 --> 00:10:26,403 - No! - (POUNDS TABLE) 127 00:10:28,069 --> 00:10:30,275 Pardon me? 128 00:10:30,277 --> 00:10:32,693 Uh, we can't adjourn. 129 00:10:32,695 --> 00:10:35,423 This is Professor Legasov of the Kurchatov Institute. 130 00:10:35,426 --> 00:10:37,109 Professor, if you have any concerns, 131 00:10:37,111 --> 00:10:39,192 feel free to address them with me later. 132 00:10:39,194 --> 00:10:43,109 I can't. I am sorry. I'm so sorry. 133 00:10:43,111 --> 00:10:46,234 Page three, the section on casualties. 134 00:10:46,236 --> 00:10:47,442 Uh... 135 00:10:47,444 --> 00:10:50,359 "A fireman was severely burned on his hand 136 00:10:50,361 --> 00:10:52,818 by a chunk of smooth, black mineral 137 00:10:52,820 --> 00:10:55,360 on the ground, outside the reactor building." 138 00:10:55,363 --> 00:10:57,401 Smooth, black mineral... graphite. 139 00:10:57,403 --> 00:11:00,111 There's-There's graphite on the ground. 140 00:11:02,277 --> 00:11:05,442 Well, there was a... a tank explosion. There's debris. 141 00:11:05,444 --> 00:11:08,401 - Of what importance...? - There's only one place in the entire facility 142 00:11:08,403 --> 00:11:11,693 where you will find graphite: inside the core. 143 00:11:11,695 --> 00:11:13,442 If there's graphite on the ground outside, 144 00:11:13,444 --> 00:11:15,829 it means it wasn't a control system tank that exploded. 145 00:11:15,832 --> 00:11:18,236 It was the reactor core. It's open! (INHALES) 146 00:11:21,444 --> 00:11:24,109 Um, Comrade Shcherbina? 147 00:11:24,111 --> 00:11:26,223 Comrade General Secretary, I can assure you 148 00:11:26,226 --> 00:11:28,150 that Professor Legasov is mistaken. 149 00:11:28,152 --> 00:11:30,609 Bryukhanov reports that the reactor core is intact. 150 00:11:30,611 --> 00:11:33,109 - And as for the radiation... - Yes, 3.6 roentgen, 151 00:11:33,111 --> 00:11:35,859 which, by the way, is not the equivalent of one chest X-ray, 152 00:11:35,861 --> 00:11:38,192 but rather 400 chest X-rays. 153 00:11:38,194 --> 00:11:40,892 That number's been bothering me for a different reason, though. 154 00:11:40,895 --> 00:11:44,567 It's also the maximum reading on low-limit dosimeters. 155 00:11:44,569 --> 00:11:47,401 They gave us the number they had. 156 00:11:47,403 --> 00:11:50,234 I think the true number is much, much higher. 157 00:11:50,236 --> 00:11:53,025 If I'm right, this fireman was holding the equivalent 158 00:11:53,027 --> 00:11:55,150 of four million chest X-rays in his hand. 159 00:11:55,152 --> 00:11:57,609 Professor Legasov, there's no place for alarmist hysteria... 160 00:11:57,611 --> 00:11:59,457 It's not alarmist if it's a fact! 161 00:11:59,460 --> 00:12:03,025 Well, I don't hear any facts at all. 162 00:12:03,027 --> 00:12:05,651 All I hear is a man I don't know 163 00:12:05,653 --> 00:12:08,818 engaging in conjecture in direct contradiction 164 00:12:08,820 --> 00:12:11,025 to what has been reported by party officials. 165 00:12:11,027 --> 00:12:14,484 I'm, uh... I apologize. 166 00:12:14,486 --> 00:12:16,984 I didn't mean, uh... 167 00:12:16,986 --> 00:12:20,693 (CLEARS THROAT) Please, may I express my concern 168 00:12:20,695 --> 00:12:24,204 as calmly and as respectfully as I... 169 00:12:24,207 --> 00:12:26,862 - Professor Legasov... - GORBACHEV: Boris. 170 00:12:27,903 --> 00:12:29,736 I will allow it. 171 00:12:38,567 --> 00:12:40,484 LEGASOV: Um... 172 00:12:42,194 --> 00:12:45,067 An RBMK reactor 173 00:12:45,069 --> 00:12:49,359 uses uranium 235 as fuel. 174 00:12:49,361 --> 00:12:54,234 Every atom of U-235 is like a bullet 175 00:12:54,236 --> 00:12:56,442 traveling at nearly the speed of light, 176 00:12:56,444 --> 00:12:59,025 penetrating everything in its path: 177 00:12:59,027 --> 00:13:02,234 woods, metal, concrete, flesh. 178 00:13:02,236 --> 00:13:05,401 Every gram of U-235 holds 179 00:13:05,403 --> 00:13:08,613 over a billion trillion of these bullets. 180 00:13:08,616 --> 00:13:10,009 That's in one gram. 181 00:13:10,012 --> 00:13:13,275 Now, Chernobyl holds over three million grams, 182 00:13:13,277 --> 00:13:15,984 and right now, it is on fire. 183 00:13:15,986 --> 00:13:20,401 Winds will carry radioactive particles across the entire continent, 184 00:13:20,403 --> 00:13:22,401 rain will bring them down on us. 185 00:13:22,411 --> 00:13:25,767 That's three million billion trillion bullets 186 00:13:25,770 --> 00:13:29,609 in the... in the air we breathe, 187 00:13:29,611 --> 00:13:32,861 the water we drink, the food we eat. 188 00:13:34,528 --> 00:13:38,943 Most of these bullets will not stop firing for 100 years. 189 00:13:38,945 --> 00:13:42,317 Some of them, not for 50,000 years. 190 00:13:42,319 --> 00:13:46,109 Yes, and, uh, this concern 191 00:13:46,111 --> 00:13:50,277 stems entirely from the description of a rock? 192 00:13:54,569 --> 00:13:55,945 Yes. 193 00:13:58,089 --> 00:13:59,381 Hmm. 194 00:14:02,653 --> 00:14:04,444 Comrade Shcherbina... 195 00:14:05,486 --> 00:14:07,901 I want you to go to Chernobyl. 196 00:14:07,903 --> 00:14:10,109 You take a look at the reactor, you personally, 197 00:14:10,111 --> 00:14:12,025 and you report directly back to me. 198 00:14:12,027 --> 00:14:14,317 A wise decision, comrade General Secretary... 199 00:14:14,319 --> 00:14:16,903 GORBACHEV: And take Professor Legasov with you. 200 00:14:17,778 --> 00:14:19,192 SHCHERBINA: Uh... (CHUCKLES) 201 00:14:19,194 --> 00:14:22,401 Forgive me, comrade General Secretary, but I... 202 00:14:22,403 --> 00:14:24,778 Do you know how a nuclear reactor works? 203 00:14:26,820 --> 00:14:28,275 - No. - GORBACHEV: No. 204 00:14:28,277 --> 00:14:31,484 Well, then how will you know what you're looking at? 205 00:14:31,486 --> 00:14:33,528 Meeting adjourned. 206 00:14:51,986 --> 00:14:54,152 (HELICOPTER BLADES WHUPPING) 207 00:15:32,569 --> 00:15:34,234 How does a nuclear reactor work? 208 00:15:34,236 --> 00:15:37,194 - What? - SHCHERBINA: It's a simple question. 209 00:15:38,528 --> 00:15:40,442 It's hardly a simple answer. 210 00:15:40,444 --> 00:15:44,442 Of course, you presume I'm too stupid to understand. 211 00:15:44,444 --> 00:15:47,818 So I'll restate: Tell me how a nuclear reactor works, 212 00:15:47,820 --> 00:15:50,695 or I'll have one of these soldiers throw you out of the helicopter. 213 00:16:00,819 --> 00:16:04,733 A nuclear reactor makes electricity with steam. 214 00:16:04,736 --> 00:16:08,359 The steam turns a turbine which generates electricity. 215 00:16:08,361 --> 00:16:10,401 Where a typical power plant 216 00:16:10,403 --> 00:16:12,359 makes steam by burning coal, 217 00:16:12,361 --> 00:16:14,695 a nuclear plant... 218 00:16:19,861 --> 00:16:24,526 In a nuclear plant, we use something called fission. 219 00:16:24,528 --> 00:16:30,567 We take an unstable element like uranium 235, 220 00:16:30,569 --> 00:16:32,712 which has too many neutrons. 221 00:16:32,715 --> 00:16:35,444 - A neutron is, uh... - The bullet. 222 00:16:37,271 --> 00:16:39,063 Yes, the bullet. 223 00:16:40,069 --> 00:16:42,984 So, bullets are flying off of the uranium. 224 00:16:42,986 --> 00:16:44,401 Now... 225 00:16:44,403 --> 00:16:49,317 if we put enough uranium atoms close together, 226 00:16:49,319 --> 00:16:53,776 the bullets from one atom will eventually strike another atom. 227 00:16:53,778 --> 00:16:56,943 The force of this impact splits that atom apart, 228 00:16:56,945 --> 00:17:00,317 releasing a tremendous amount of energy, fission. 229 00:17:00,319 --> 00:17:03,150 - And the graphite? - Ah, yes. 230 00:17:03,152 --> 00:17:07,109 The neutrons are actually traveling so fast... we call this "flux"... 231 00:17:07,111 --> 00:17:11,984 it's relatively unlikely that the uranium atoms will ever hit one another. 232 00:17:11,986 --> 00:17:17,025 In RBMK reactors, we surround the fuel rods with graphite 233 00:17:17,027 --> 00:17:22,027 to moderate, slow down, the neutron flux. 234 00:17:25,251 --> 00:17:27,040 Good. 235 00:17:27,043 --> 00:17:30,085 I know how a nuclear reactor works. 236 00:17:31,759 --> 00:17:34,217 Now I don't need you. 237 00:17:36,945 --> 00:17:39,111 (HELICOPTER BLADES WOMPING) 238 00:17:43,444 --> 00:17:46,319 (NOISY CHATTERING) 239 00:17:50,819 --> 00:17:52,692 (VOICES CLAMORING) 240 00:17:52,695 --> 00:17:56,277 - Can you help me? I need to find my husband. - No. Not now. 241 00:18:00,236 --> 00:18:01,818 - Mikhail! - Lyudmilla. 242 00:18:01,820 --> 00:18:03,484 - (INFANT SCREAMING) - Take her. 243 00:18:03,486 --> 00:18:05,401 Take her away from here, please. 244 00:18:05,403 --> 00:18:08,109 - Get away from them! You want to get sick? Go! - MIKHAIL: Oh my God. 245 00:18:08,111 --> 00:18:09,526 Please take her, please take her. 246 00:18:09,528 --> 00:18:11,359 - (INFANT SCREAMING) - Please take her, please. 247 00:18:11,361 --> 00:18:13,818 Please! Please! 248 00:18:13,820 --> 00:18:15,528 Please take her! 249 00:18:20,861 --> 00:18:23,651 Excuse me, I am Vasily Ignatenko's wife. 250 00:18:23,653 --> 00:18:27,025 He's a fireman. Ignatenko. 251 00:18:27,027 --> 00:18:30,609 Ignatenko, Sixth Paramilitary Fire and Rescue Unit. 252 00:18:30,611 --> 00:18:33,528 I need to find him. Please. 253 00:18:36,653 --> 00:18:38,317 MAJOR BUROV: Ignatenko... 254 00:18:38,319 --> 00:18:40,901 He's being transported by helicopter to Moscow. 255 00:18:40,903 --> 00:18:42,776 Hospital number six. 256 00:18:42,778 --> 00:18:44,984 Why, is he all right? Can I see him? 257 00:18:44,986 --> 00:18:46,567 You want to see him? Go to Moscow. 258 00:18:46,569 --> 00:18:48,861 But they're not letting us leave here. 259 00:18:51,387 --> 00:18:53,679 Tell them Major Burov allows it. 260 00:18:55,236 --> 00:18:58,236 - Oh. When are they taking him? - Now. 261 00:19:00,736 --> 00:19:03,695 (HELICOPTER BLADES WHUPPING) 262 00:19:29,042 --> 00:19:31,084 PILOT: We're approaching the power plant. 263 00:19:36,952 --> 00:19:38,910 LEGASOV (MUTTERS): What have they done? 264 00:19:39,986 --> 00:19:41,707 Can you see inside? 265 00:19:41,710 --> 00:19:45,024 I don't have to. Look. 266 00:19:45,027 --> 00:19:47,025 That's graphite on the roof. 267 00:19:47,027 --> 00:19:49,442 The whole building's been blown open. 268 00:19:49,444 --> 00:19:50,776 The core's exposed! 269 00:19:50,778 --> 00:19:52,776 I can't see how you can tell that from here. 270 00:19:52,778 --> 00:19:54,020 Oh, for God's sakes. 271 00:19:54,023 --> 00:19:55,775 Look at that glow! 272 00:19:55,778 --> 00:19:58,379 That's radiation ionizing the air! 273 00:19:58,382 --> 00:20:00,234 Well, if we can't see, we don't know. 274 00:20:00,236 --> 00:20:01,984 Get us directly over the building! 275 00:20:01,986 --> 00:20:03,239 - Boris, if we fly... - Don't you use my name! 276 00:20:03,241 --> 00:20:06,024 ...directly over an open reactor, we'll be dead within a week! 277 00:20:06,027 --> 00:20:07,486 Dead! 278 00:20:08,444 --> 00:20:09,734 PILOT: Sir? 279 00:20:09,736 --> 00:20:12,820 Get us over that building, or I'll have you shot! 280 00:20:13,486 --> 00:20:15,653 (INDISTINCT RADIO TRANSMISSION) 281 00:20:16,486 --> 00:20:18,609 If you fly directly over that core, I promise you, 282 00:20:18,611 --> 00:20:21,361 by tomorrow morning, you'll be begging for that bullet. 283 00:20:28,361 --> 00:20:29,945 (GRUNTS) 284 00:21:05,318 --> 00:21:09,358 (MUFFLED CHATTER, LAUGHTER) 285 00:21:09,361 --> 00:21:11,569 Perhaps if you came back another day. 286 00:21:16,569 --> 00:21:19,025 Just wonderful. 287 00:21:19,027 --> 00:21:21,526 KHOMYUK: Deputy Secretary Garanin. 288 00:21:21,528 --> 00:21:25,776 Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 289 00:21:25,778 --> 00:21:27,192 What a pleasure. 290 00:21:27,194 --> 00:21:30,069 - Let me introduce... - I'm here about Chernobyl. 291 00:21:31,944 --> 00:21:33,442 Such a lovely time. 292 00:21:33,445 --> 00:21:36,903 - Visit again soon. - CHULKOV: I will. Thank you. 293 00:21:49,069 --> 00:21:52,109 GARANIN: I must tell you, this is why no one likes scientists. 294 00:21:52,111 --> 00:21:54,943 When we have a disease to cure, where are they? 295 00:21:54,945 --> 00:21:58,504 In a lab, noses in their books, and so Grandma dies. 296 00:21:58,507 --> 00:21:59,880 But when there isn't a problem, 297 00:21:59,883 --> 00:22:01,650 they're everywhere, spreading fear. 298 00:22:01,653 --> 00:22:04,109 - I know about Chernobyl. - Oh? 299 00:22:04,111 --> 00:22:07,067 I know that the core is either partially or completely exposed. 300 00:22:07,069 --> 00:22:09,567 - Whatever that means. - And that if you don't immediately 301 00:22:09,569 --> 00:22:12,401 issue iodine tablets and then evacuate this city, 302 00:22:12,403 --> 00:22:15,109 hundreds of thousands of people are going to get cancer, 303 00:22:15,111 --> 00:22:17,309 and God knows how many more will die. 304 00:22:17,312 --> 00:22:19,086 Yes, very good. 305 00:22:19,089 --> 00:22:21,442 There has been an accident at Chernobyl, 306 00:22:21,444 --> 00:22:23,651 but I've been assured there is no problem. 307 00:22:23,653 --> 00:22:25,651 I'm telling you that there is. 308 00:22:25,653 --> 00:22:27,693 I prefer my opinion to yours. 309 00:22:27,695 --> 00:22:31,067 I'm a nuclear physicist. 310 00:22:31,069 --> 00:22:32,734 Before you were Deputy Secretary, 311 00:22:32,736 --> 00:22:34,403 you worked in a shoe factory. 312 00:22:35,528 --> 00:22:39,111 Yes, I worked in a shoe factory. 313 00:22:40,011 --> 00:22:42,136 And now I'm in charge. 314 00:22:44,444 --> 00:22:47,277 "To the workers of the world." 315 00:23:08,985 --> 00:23:11,608 Stable iodine will keep your thyroid 316 00:23:11,611 --> 00:23:13,986 from absorbing radioactive iodine. 317 00:23:15,152 --> 00:23:18,025 Take one a day for as long as they last. 318 00:23:18,027 --> 00:23:19,818 And go east. 319 00:23:19,820 --> 00:23:22,277 Get as far from Minsk as you can. 320 00:23:55,861 --> 00:23:57,609 FOMIN: It's overkill. 321 00:23:57,611 --> 00:23:59,609 Pikalov's showing off to make us look bad. 322 00:23:59,611 --> 00:24:02,734 BRYUKHANOV: It doesn't matter how it looks. 323 00:24:02,736 --> 00:24:05,109 Shcherbina is a pure bureaucrat, 324 00:24:05,111 --> 00:24:07,192 as stupid as he is pigheaded. 325 00:24:07,194 --> 00:24:09,609 We'll tell him the truth in the simplest terms possible. 326 00:24:09,611 --> 00:24:11,319 We'll be fine. 327 00:24:14,861 --> 00:24:16,403 Pikarov! 328 00:24:41,736 --> 00:24:44,693 Comrade Shcherbina, Chief Engineer Fomin, 329 00:24:44,695 --> 00:24:46,734 Colonel General Pikalov, and I 330 00:24:46,736 --> 00:24:48,067 are honored at your arrival. 331 00:24:48,069 --> 00:24:49,401 Deeply, deeply honored. 332 00:24:49,403 --> 00:24:52,442 Naturally, we regret the circumstances of your visit, 333 00:24:52,444 --> 00:24:54,693 but, as you can see, we are making excellent progress 334 00:24:54,695 --> 00:24:56,317 in containing the damage. 335 00:24:56,319 --> 00:25:01,567 We have begun our own inquiry into the cause of the accident, 336 00:25:01,569 --> 00:25:04,651 and I have a list of individuals 337 00:25:04,653 --> 00:25:07,444 who we believe are accountable. 338 00:25:29,192 --> 00:25:31,329 BRYUKHANOV: Professor Legasov, I understand 339 00:25:31,332 --> 00:25:33,484 you've been saying dangerous things. 340 00:25:33,486 --> 00:25:35,359 FOMIN: Very dangerous things. 341 00:25:35,361 --> 00:25:37,695 Apparently, our reactor core exploded. 342 00:25:38,361 --> 00:25:42,611 Please, tell me how an RBMK reactor core explodes. 343 00:25:44,486 --> 00:25:46,901 I'm not prepared to explain it at this time. 344 00:25:46,903 --> 00:25:49,859 As I presumed, he has no answer. 345 00:25:49,861 --> 00:25:52,442 It's disgraceful, really. 346 00:25:52,444 --> 00:25:55,945 To spread disinformation at a time like this. 347 00:26:01,986 --> 00:26:04,776 Why did I see graphite on the roof? 348 00:26:04,778 --> 00:26:06,984 Graphite is only found in the core, 349 00:26:06,986 --> 00:26:10,526 where it's used as a neutron flux moderator. 350 00:26:10,528 --> 00:26:11,945 Correct? 351 00:26:12,903 --> 00:26:16,361 Fomin, why did the Deputy Chairman see graphite on the roof? 352 00:26:17,611 --> 00:26:19,403 Well, that... that can't be. 353 00:26:20,277 --> 00:26:23,025 Comrade Shcherbina, my apologies, but graphite... 354 00:26:23,027 --> 00:26:24,317 that's not possible. 355 00:26:24,319 --> 00:26:26,504 Perhaps you saw burnt concrete. 356 00:26:26,507 --> 00:26:28,526 Now there you made a mistake, 357 00:26:28,528 --> 00:26:31,234 because I may not know much about nuclear reactors, 358 00:26:31,236 --> 00:26:32,861 but I know a lot about concrete. 359 00:26:33,695 --> 00:26:36,194 - Comrade, I assure you... - I understand. 360 00:26:37,027 --> 00:26:39,734 You think Legasov is wrong. 361 00:26:39,736 --> 00:26:41,695 How shall we prove it? 362 00:26:42,986 --> 00:26:46,317 Our high-range dosimeter just arrived. 363 00:26:46,319 --> 00:26:49,359 We could cover one of our trucks with lead shielding, 364 00:26:49,361 --> 00:26:51,695 mount the dosimeter on the front. 365 00:26:57,486 --> 00:27:00,776 Have one of your men get as close to the fire as he can. 366 00:27:00,778 --> 00:27:02,526 Give him every bit of protection you have. 367 00:27:02,528 --> 00:27:04,901 But understand that even with lead shielding, 368 00:27:04,903 --> 00:27:06,903 it may not be enough. 369 00:27:08,736 --> 00:27:10,611 Then I'll do it myself. 370 00:27:15,277 --> 00:27:17,236 Good. 371 00:27:54,152 --> 00:27:56,236 (TIRES SCREECH) 372 00:27:59,152 --> 00:28:01,444 (ENGINE REVVING) 373 00:28:20,736 --> 00:28:22,861 (CHAINS SHATTERING) 374 00:29:14,933 --> 00:29:16,767 He's back. 375 00:29:45,778 --> 00:29:48,067 It's not three roentgen. 376 00:29:48,069 --> 00:29:49,901 It's 15,000. 377 00:29:49,903 --> 00:29:52,651 BRYUKHANOV: Comrade Shcherbina... 378 00:29:52,653 --> 00:29:54,192 What does that number mean? 379 00:29:54,194 --> 00:29:56,442 It means the core is open. 380 00:29:56,444 --> 00:29:58,984 It means the fire we're watching with our own eyes 381 00:29:58,986 --> 00:30:00,567 is giving off nearly twice the radiation 382 00:30:00,569 --> 00:30:02,484 released by the bomb in Hiroshima. 383 00:30:02,486 --> 00:30:04,359 And that's every single hour. 384 00:30:04,361 --> 00:30:07,395 Hour after hour, 20 hours since the explosion, 385 00:30:07,398 --> 00:30:09,263 so 40 bombs worth by now. 386 00:30:09,266 --> 00:30:10,681 Forty-eight more tomorrow. 387 00:30:10,684 --> 00:30:13,401 And it will not stop. Not in a week, not in a month. 388 00:30:13,403 --> 00:30:14,984 It will burn and spread its poison 389 00:30:14,986 --> 00:30:17,695 until the entire continent is dead. 390 00:30:20,820 --> 00:30:23,150 Please escort Comrades Bryukhanov and Fomin 391 00:30:23,152 --> 00:30:25,207 to the local party headquarters. 392 00:30:25,210 --> 00:30:27,192 - Thank you for your service. - Comrade... 393 00:30:27,194 --> 00:30:28,569 You're excused. 394 00:30:29,478 --> 00:30:31,270 Dyatlov was in charge. 395 00:30:32,277 --> 00:30:34,234 It was Dyatlov! 396 00:30:34,236 --> 00:30:36,943 - Tell me how to put it out. - We'll use helicopters. 397 00:30:36,945 --> 00:30:39,940 - We'll drop water on it like a forest fire. - No, no. You don't understand. 398 00:30:39,942 --> 00:30:42,150 This isn't a fire. 399 00:30:42,152 --> 00:30:44,259 This is a fissioning reactor core 400 00:30:44,262 --> 00:30:46,442 burning at over 2,000 degrees. 401 00:30:46,444 --> 00:30:48,109 The heat will instantly vaporize the water... 402 00:30:48,111 --> 00:30:51,277 - How do we put it out? - (SIGHS) 403 00:30:52,486 --> 00:30:54,526 You are dealing with something 404 00:30:54,528 --> 00:30:58,986 that has never occurred on this planet before. 405 00:31:00,945 --> 00:31:02,486 Boron. 406 00:31:03,861 --> 00:31:05,943 Boron and sand. 407 00:31:05,945 --> 00:31:08,651 Well, that'll create problems of its own, 408 00:31:08,653 --> 00:31:10,818 but I-I don't see any other way. 409 00:31:10,820 --> 00:31:12,984 Of course, it's going to take thousands of drops, 410 00:31:12,986 --> 00:31:15,651 because you can't fly the helicopters directly over the core, 411 00:31:15,653 --> 00:31:17,109 so most of it is going to miss. 412 00:31:17,111 --> 00:31:19,514 - How much sand and boron? - (SCOFFS) Well, I can't be... 413 00:31:19,517 --> 00:31:23,317 - For God's sake, roughly! - Five thousand tons. 414 00:31:23,319 --> 00:31:26,275 And obviously, we're going to need to evacuate an enormous area... 415 00:31:26,277 --> 00:31:28,275 Never mind that. Focus on the fire. 416 00:31:28,277 --> 00:31:31,109 I am focusing on the fire. 417 00:31:31,111 --> 00:31:35,317 The wind, it's carrying all that smoke, 418 00:31:35,319 --> 00:31:37,150 all that radiation. 419 00:31:37,152 --> 00:31:40,234 At least evacuate Pripyat. It's three kilometers away. 420 00:31:40,236 --> 00:31:42,234 - That's my decision to make. - Then make it. 421 00:31:42,236 --> 00:31:44,984 - I've been told not to. - Is it or is not... 422 00:31:44,986 --> 00:31:46,859 I'm in charge here! 423 00:31:46,861 --> 00:31:48,609 This will go much easier if you talk to me 424 00:31:48,611 --> 00:31:49,943 about the things you do understand 425 00:31:49,945 --> 00:31:52,695 and not about the things you do not understand. 426 00:31:56,444 --> 00:31:58,025 Where are you going? 427 00:31:58,027 --> 00:32:01,861 SHCHERBINA: I'm going to get you 5,000 tons of sand and boron. 428 00:32:09,736 --> 00:32:11,861 There's a hotel. 429 00:32:38,111 --> 00:32:40,236 (PHONE RINGING) 430 00:32:55,611 --> 00:32:57,611 (MUSIC PLAYING OVER SPEAKERS) 431 00:33:04,403 --> 00:33:06,861 (WOMAN CHATTERING INDISTINCTLY) 432 00:33:07,653 --> 00:33:09,736 I'd prefer one of those. 433 00:33:17,778 --> 00:33:19,611 WOMAN: Superstitious? 434 00:33:28,444 --> 00:33:30,277 Moscow? 435 00:33:33,736 --> 00:33:36,111 Are you here because of the fire? 436 00:33:40,403 --> 00:33:42,945 Anything we should be worried about? 437 00:33:46,945 --> 00:33:48,401 (SIGHS) 438 00:33:48,403 --> 00:33:49,986 No. 439 00:33:56,945 --> 00:33:58,319 (GLASS TAPS BAR TWICE) 440 00:34:00,486 --> 00:34:01,986 Ah. 441 00:34:14,986 --> 00:34:17,820 (WIND BLOWING) 442 00:34:31,194 --> 00:34:34,444 (TREES RUSTLING) 443 00:34:38,695 --> 00:34:41,027 (HELICOPTERS WHUPPING) 444 00:34:48,069 --> 00:34:50,236 (INDISTINCT RADIO TRANSMISSIONS) 445 00:34:54,403 --> 00:34:57,069 PILOT (OVER RADIO): We're in position. Approaching drop. 446 00:34:58,194 --> 00:35:00,319 STASIUK: (OVER RADIO): Clear to proceed. 447 00:35:01,695 --> 00:35:04,903 PILOT: Copy. We'll go one by one in rotation. 448 00:35:10,069 --> 00:35:12,194 Remind them about the perimeter. 449 00:35:15,695 --> 00:35:17,943 They cannot fly directly over the fire. 450 00:35:17,945 --> 00:35:20,234 A minimum of a ten-meter perimeter. 451 00:35:20,236 --> 00:35:21,734 PILOT: Ten meter perimeter. Copy. 452 00:35:21,736 --> 00:35:23,359 Lead One, per pre-flight: 453 00:35:23,361 --> 00:35:26,150 maintain minimum ten-meter perimeter. 454 00:35:26,152 --> 00:35:27,317 LEAD ONE: Copy that. 455 00:35:27,319 --> 00:35:30,067 Forty meters... 35... 456 00:35:30,069 --> 00:35:31,401 30... 457 00:35:31,403 --> 00:35:33,569 (RADIO STATIC CRACKLING) 458 00:35:34,945 --> 00:35:37,234 No, no, no! They're too close! 459 00:35:37,236 --> 00:35:39,267 They can't get over the fire. How are they supposed... 460 00:35:39,269 --> 00:35:41,067 The wind will have to carry it. 461 00:35:41,069 --> 00:35:43,945 Tell them, they cannot go over the core. 462 00:35:46,361 --> 00:35:47,693 STASIUK: Lead One is too close. 463 00:35:47,695 --> 00:35:49,569 I repeat, they are too close. 464 00:35:50,236 --> 00:35:52,150 PILOT: Copy. 465 00:35:52,152 --> 00:35:55,067 Lead One, you are inside the perimeter. 466 00:35:55,069 --> 00:35:58,275 LEAD ONE: Did not copy. Signal's breaking up. 467 00:35:58,277 --> 00:36:00,693 (RADIO STATIC CRACKLING) 468 00:36:00,695 --> 00:36:03,192 PILOT: Lead One? 469 00:36:03,194 --> 00:36:04,859 Do you copy? 470 00:36:04,861 --> 00:36:06,859 Lead One, do you copy? 471 00:36:06,861 --> 00:36:09,067 Lead One, come in. 472 00:36:09,069 --> 00:36:10,943 Do you copy, Lead One? 473 00:36:10,945 --> 00:36:12,653 Lead One! 474 00:36:14,194 --> 00:36:16,778 (HELICOPTER ENGINE WHINES) 475 00:36:30,486 --> 00:36:33,152 STASIUK: Sir? What do I tell the others? 476 00:36:35,486 --> 00:36:37,442 Is there any other way, Legasov? 477 00:36:37,444 --> 00:36:40,861 (DISTANT HELICOPTERS THRUMMING) 478 00:36:45,986 --> 00:36:47,861 Send the next one in. 479 00:36:49,277 --> 00:36:51,319 Tell them to approach from the west. 480 00:36:52,403 --> 00:36:55,528 STASIUK: Lead Two, approach from the west. 481 00:37:14,111 --> 00:37:16,317 (PHONE RINGING) 482 00:37:16,319 --> 00:37:19,025 MARINA: Kurchatov Institute Laboratory Four. 483 00:37:19,027 --> 00:37:23,486 (OVER PHONE): Marina Gruzinskaya, it's Ulana Khomyuk from Minsk. 484 00:37:25,695 --> 00:37:28,359 Oh, yes, how nice of you to phone. 485 00:37:28,361 --> 00:37:30,359 - It's been too long. - It has. 486 00:37:30,361 --> 00:37:33,025 I was actually calling about our friend. 487 00:37:33,027 --> 00:37:35,359 - You know, the one in the country. - Oh, yes, of course. 488 00:37:35,361 --> 00:37:39,192 I wanted to see how he's doing. It's so hot there right now. 489 00:37:39,194 --> 00:37:41,693 Yes, it's extremely hot, 490 00:37:41,695 --> 00:37:43,109 but his nephews are flying down, 491 00:37:43,111 --> 00:37:45,192 and they always bring cool weather. 492 00:37:45,194 --> 00:37:46,820 Oh? Which nephews? 493 00:37:47,569 --> 00:37:51,693 Simka, who's 14, and little Boris, who's five. 494 00:37:51,695 --> 00:37:52,984 Well, that's wonderful. 495 00:37:52,986 --> 00:37:54,859 Though children can make you even hotter 496 00:37:54,861 --> 00:37:56,693 when they're crawling all over you. 497 00:37:56,695 --> 00:37:58,192 Maybe I should visit them. 498 00:37:58,194 --> 00:38:00,067 No, they don't want visitors. 499 00:38:00,069 --> 00:38:02,442 I'm sorry, um, I have to get back to work. 500 00:38:02,444 --> 00:38:04,861 It's very busy right now. Goodbye. 501 00:38:07,695 --> 00:38:10,236 They're dropping sand and boron on the fire. 502 00:38:11,236 --> 00:38:12,778 It's what I would do. 503 00:38:14,569 --> 00:38:16,277 Yes, I'm sure it is. 504 00:38:38,569 --> 00:38:40,236 DMITRI: Where are you going? 505 00:38:41,277 --> 00:38:42,736 Chernobyl. 506 00:38:47,528 --> 00:38:50,275 (DOOR OPENS, CLOSES) 507 00:38:50,277 --> 00:38:53,150 It's been smooth. Twenty drops. 508 00:38:53,152 --> 00:38:55,319 (DISTANT HELICOPTERS THRUMMING) 509 00:38:59,111 --> 00:39:00,569 What? 510 00:39:03,403 --> 00:39:06,526 There are 50,000 people in this city. 511 00:39:06,528 --> 00:39:11,234 (SIGHS) Professor Ilyin, who's also on the commission, 512 00:39:11,236 --> 00:39:14,192 says the radiation isn't high enough to evacuate. 513 00:39:14,194 --> 00:39:15,943 Ilyin isn't a physicist. 514 00:39:15,945 --> 00:39:19,025 Well, he's a medical doctor. If he says it's safe, it's safe. 515 00:39:19,027 --> 00:39:21,567 - Not if they stay here. - We're staying here. 516 00:39:21,569 --> 00:39:26,067 Yes, we are, and we'll be dead in five years. 517 00:39:26,069 --> 00:39:28,319 (DISTANT HELICOPTERS THRUMMING) 518 00:39:33,945 --> 00:39:36,484 I'm sorry, I... 519 00:39:36,486 --> 00:39:38,027 I'm sorry. 520 00:39:59,069 --> 00:40:00,986 (PHONE RINGS) 521 00:40:04,361 --> 00:40:06,486 (PHONE RINGS) 522 00:40:09,653 --> 00:40:12,027 (PHONE RINGS) 523 00:40:15,027 --> 00:40:16,326 (PHONE RINGS) 524 00:40:16,329 --> 00:40:17,736 Shcherbina. 525 00:40:18,486 --> 00:40:20,653 (DISTANT HELICOPTERS THRUMMING) 526 00:40:23,069 --> 00:40:25,319 (MAN SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY OVER PHONE) 527 00:40:29,194 --> 00:40:30,528 Thank you. 528 00:40:36,694 --> 00:40:40,650 A nuclear plant in Sweden has detected radiation 529 00:40:40,653 --> 00:40:43,736 and identified it as a byproduct of our fuel. 530 00:40:44,861 --> 00:40:47,528 The Americans took satellite photos. 531 00:40:48,486 --> 00:40:51,859 The reactor building, the smoke, the fire. 532 00:40:51,861 --> 00:40:53,403 (SIGHS) 533 00:40:54,486 --> 00:40:56,403 SHCHERBINA: The whole world knows. 534 00:41:02,986 --> 00:41:05,569 The wind has been blowing toward Germany. 535 00:41:06,986 --> 00:41:09,569 They're not letting children play outside... 536 00:41:11,444 --> 00:41:13,027 in Frankfurt. 537 00:41:15,403 --> 00:41:17,569 (BOYS CHATTERING OUTSIDE) 538 00:41:24,653 --> 00:41:26,528 Want a smoke? 539 00:41:41,723 --> 00:41:44,609 PETER JENNINGS: There has been a nuclear accident in the Soviet Union 540 00:41:44,611 --> 00:41:46,442 and the Soviets have admitted that it happened. 541 00:41:46,444 --> 00:41:48,067 The Soviet version is this: 542 00:41:48,069 --> 00:41:49,567 One of the atomic reactors 543 00:41:49,569 --> 00:41:52,234 at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant near the city of Kiev 544 00:41:52,236 --> 00:41:54,901 was damaged, and there is speculation in Moscow 545 00:41:54,903 --> 00:41:57,192 that people were injured and may have died. 546 00:41:57,194 --> 00:42:00,401 The Soviets may have been fairly quick to acknowledge the accident 547 00:42:00,403 --> 00:42:03,776 because evidence in the form of mild nuclear radiation 548 00:42:03,778 --> 00:42:07,820 had already reached beyond the Soviet borders to Scandinavia. 549 00:42:40,778 --> 00:42:46,194 (WOMAN ANNOUNCING OVER LOUDSPEAKER, IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE) 550 00:42:48,851 --> 00:42:51,017 (ANNOUNCEMENT CONTINUING) 551 00:43:04,027 --> 00:43:06,486 (ANNOUNCEMENT CONTINUING) 552 00:43:07,194 --> 00:43:09,236 (ALARMS BLARING) 553 00:43:15,361 --> 00:43:17,528 (ANNOUNCEMENT CONTINUING) 554 00:43:38,736 --> 00:43:41,569 (ANNOUNCEMENT CONTINUING) 555 00:44:00,569 --> 00:44:02,736 (ANNOUNCEMENT CONTINUING) 556 00:44:13,403 --> 00:44:15,528 (GIRL CRYING) 557 00:44:16,528 --> 00:44:18,903 (ANNOUNCEMENT CONTINUING) 558 00:44:49,277 --> 00:44:52,486 (ANNOUNCEMENT CONTINUING) 559 00:45:19,736 --> 00:45:22,361 (SIREN WAILING) 560 00:45:24,361 --> 00:45:26,486 (ANNOUNCEMENT CONTINUING) 561 00:45:41,820 --> 00:45:46,027 (ANNOUNCEMENT CONTINUING) 562 00:45:49,069 --> 00:45:51,194 (ANNOUNCEMENT FADING) 563 00:46:06,361 --> 00:46:08,528 (DISTANT HELICOPTERS THRUMMING) 564 00:46:22,444 --> 00:46:24,943 I said turn around. This is a restricted zone. 565 00:46:24,945 --> 00:46:27,743 I'm from the Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 566 00:46:27,746 --> 00:46:29,401 Do you have permission? 567 00:46:29,403 --> 00:46:31,734 Listen to me, I need to speak to someone urgently. 568 00:46:31,736 --> 00:46:34,192 Turn around right now, or I'll arrest you. 569 00:46:34,194 --> 00:46:36,025 If you arrest me, you should take me 570 00:46:36,027 --> 00:46:38,236 to the highest possible authority. 571 00:46:42,736 --> 00:46:45,359 LEGASOV: We have to start a radiological survey. 572 00:46:45,361 --> 00:46:49,569 Sector by sector, on foot, dosimeters in hand. 573 00:46:51,194 --> 00:46:52,945 Are you all right? 574 00:46:55,569 --> 00:46:56,903 Of course. 575 00:46:58,111 --> 00:46:59,526 Comrades... 576 00:46:59,528 --> 00:47:02,234 The guards arrested this woman at the south checkpoint. 577 00:47:02,236 --> 00:47:06,567 - I'd have put her in a cell... - But he thought you should know that I know. 578 00:47:06,569 --> 00:47:08,647 I know that your reactor core is exposed. 579 00:47:08,650 --> 00:47:11,442 I know the graphite is on fire, the fuel is melting, 580 00:47:11,444 --> 00:47:13,442 and you're dropping sand and boron on it, 581 00:47:13,444 --> 00:47:16,776 which you probably thought was smart, but you've made a mistake. 582 00:47:16,778 --> 00:47:19,943 Ulana Yuriyvna Khomyuk, Chief Physicist, 583 00:47:19,945 --> 00:47:22,317 Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 584 00:47:22,319 --> 00:47:25,651 And you are Valery Alexeyevich Legasov? 585 00:47:25,653 --> 00:47:28,275 Smothering the core will put the fire out, 586 00:47:28,277 --> 00:47:31,150 but the temperature will eventually increase... 587 00:47:31,152 --> 00:47:32,776 LEGASOV: Believe me, I'm perfectly aware. 588 00:47:32,778 --> 00:47:34,901 But I estimate at least a month 589 00:47:34,903 --> 00:47:36,901 before it melts through the lower concrete pad, 590 00:47:36,903 --> 00:47:38,901 - which gives us time... - No, you don't have a month. 591 00:47:38,903 --> 00:47:40,611 You have approximately two days. 592 00:47:41,528 --> 00:47:44,818 Yes, the fuel would take a month 593 00:47:44,820 --> 00:47:46,943 to reach the concrete pad here. 594 00:47:46,945 --> 00:47:50,526 But first... it's going to burn through 595 00:47:50,528 --> 00:47:52,984 the biological shield here by Tuesday. 596 00:47:52,986 --> 00:47:56,067 And when it does, it's going to hit these tanks... 597 00:47:56,069 --> 00:47:57,442 bubbler pools, reservoirs... 598 00:47:57,444 --> 00:48:00,693 Reservoirs for the ECS. I understand your concern, 599 00:48:00,695 --> 00:48:02,693 but I confirmed it with plant personnel. 600 00:48:02,695 --> 00:48:06,359 - The tanks are nearly empty. - No, they were nearly empty. 601 00:48:06,361 --> 00:48:09,901 Each of these points here, here, and here 602 00:48:09,903 --> 00:48:11,984 all drain to the bubbler pools. 603 00:48:11,986 --> 00:48:14,609 I'm guessing that every pipe in the building ruptured. 604 00:48:14,611 --> 00:48:17,651 And then there are those fire engines that I saw on the way in. 605 00:48:17,653 --> 00:48:19,859 The fire hoses are still connected. 606 00:48:19,861 --> 00:48:22,984 They've been gushing water into the structure this whole time. 607 00:48:22,986 --> 00:48:24,945 The tanks are full. 608 00:48:26,945 --> 00:48:29,486 The tanks are full. 609 00:48:32,277 --> 00:48:35,011 (SPEAKING FOREIGN LANGUAGE) _ 610 00:48:35,014 --> 00:48:39,625 _ 611 00:48:39,628 --> 00:48:42,909 _ 612 00:48:42,912 --> 00:48:46,659 _ 613 00:48:46,662 --> 00:48:49,370 _ 614 00:48:49,373 --> 00:48:52,132 _ 615 00:48:58,444 --> 00:48:59,695 (DOOR OPENS) 616 00:49:08,486 --> 00:49:12,859 I have ten minutes, then I'm back on the phone 617 00:49:12,861 --> 00:49:15,859 apologizing to our friends, 618 00:49:15,861 --> 00:49:19,109 apologizing to our enemies. 619 00:49:19,111 --> 00:49:22,526 Our power comes from the perception of our power. 620 00:49:22,528 --> 00:49:26,234 Do you understand the damage this has done? 621 00:49:26,236 --> 00:49:29,444 Do you understand what's at stake? 622 00:49:31,069 --> 00:49:32,403 Boris. 623 00:49:34,486 --> 00:49:38,903 Professor Legasov will deliver our briefing. 624 00:49:40,569 --> 00:49:42,150 There is some good news. 625 00:49:42,152 --> 00:49:44,901 The air drops are working to douse the fire. 626 00:49:44,903 --> 00:49:48,734 There's been a reduction in radionuclide emissions, 627 00:49:48,736 --> 00:49:50,651 but the fire will not be extinguished 628 00:49:50,653 --> 00:49:53,528 for at least another two weeks. 629 00:49:55,444 --> 00:49:58,444 There is also an additional problem. 630 00:49:59,986 --> 00:50:01,818 Nuclear fuel doesn't turn cold 631 00:50:01,820 --> 00:50:04,567 simply because it is not on fire. 632 00:50:04,569 --> 00:50:06,275 In fact, the temperature will likely rise 633 00:50:06,277 --> 00:50:09,067 as a result of the blanket of sand we've dropped. 634 00:50:09,069 --> 00:50:11,943 The uranium will melt the sand, 635 00:50:11,945 --> 00:50:13,734 creating a kind of lava 636 00:50:13,736 --> 00:50:17,109 which will begin to melt down through the shield below. 637 00:50:17,111 --> 00:50:18,653 You have made lava? 638 00:50:21,319 --> 00:50:23,444 I anticipated this. 639 00:50:24,945 --> 00:50:27,317 I believed there was time to reinforce 640 00:50:27,319 --> 00:50:29,442 this lower concrete pad 641 00:50:29,444 --> 00:50:30,984 before the lava reached the earth 642 00:50:30,986 --> 00:50:32,609 and contaminated the groundwater. 643 00:50:32,611 --> 00:50:35,776 But as it turned out, I was worried about the wrong thing. 644 00:50:35,778 --> 00:50:37,734 Uh, um... 645 00:50:37,736 --> 00:50:41,401 It was my understanding that these large water tanks 646 00:50:41,403 --> 00:50:44,067 under the reactor were essentially empty. 647 00:50:44,069 --> 00:50:47,234 This is Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian Institute. 648 00:50:47,236 --> 00:50:49,609 Thanks to her insight, we are now aware 649 00:50:49,611 --> 00:50:52,984 that the tanks are, in fact, full. 650 00:50:52,986 --> 00:50:56,861 Of water. Why is that a problem, professor? 651 00:50:58,037 --> 00:50:59,496 (CLEARS THROAT) 652 00:51:01,152 --> 00:51:02,901 When the lava enters these tanks, 653 00:51:02,903 --> 00:51:05,631 it will instantly superheat and vaporize 654 00:51:05,634 --> 00:51:09,067 approximately 7,000 cubic meters of water, 655 00:51:09,069 --> 00:51:12,651 causing a significant thermal explosion. 656 00:51:12,653 --> 00:51:14,693 How significant? 657 00:51:14,695 --> 00:51:18,651 We estimate between two and four megatons. 658 00:51:18,653 --> 00:51:22,025 Everything within a 30-kilometer radius 659 00:51:22,027 --> 00:51:23,776 will be completely destroyed, 660 00:51:23,778 --> 00:51:27,192 including the three remaining reactors at Chernobyl. 661 00:51:27,194 --> 00:51:30,776 The entirety of the radioactive material in all of the cores 662 00:51:30,778 --> 00:51:33,943 will be ejected at force 663 00:51:33,945 --> 00:51:37,067 and dispersed by a massive shock wave, 664 00:51:37,069 --> 00:51:42,359 which will extend approximately 200 kilometers 665 00:51:42,361 --> 00:51:45,734 and likely be fatal to the entire population of Kiev 666 00:51:45,736 --> 00:51:47,859 as well as a portion of Minsk. 667 00:51:47,861 --> 00:51:50,859 The release of radiation will be severe 668 00:51:50,861 --> 00:51:54,192 and will impact all of Soviet Ukraine, 669 00:51:54,194 --> 00:51:57,901 Latvia, Lithuania, Byelorussia, 670 00:51:57,903 --> 00:52:01,234 as well as Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, 671 00:52:01,236 --> 00:52:03,903 Romania, and most of East Germany. 672 00:52:07,569 --> 00:52:10,444 What do you mean "impact"? 673 00:52:11,236 --> 00:52:13,859 For much of the area, a nearly permanent disruption 674 00:52:13,861 --> 00:52:16,484 of the food and water supply, 675 00:52:16,486 --> 00:52:19,567 a steep increase in the rates of cancer and birth defects. 676 00:52:19,569 --> 00:52:23,109 I don't know how many deaths there will be, but many. 677 00:52:23,111 --> 00:52:25,067 For Byelorussia and the Ukraine, 678 00:52:25,069 --> 00:52:27,484 "impact" means completely uninhabitable 679 00:52:27,486 --> 00:52:30,903 for a minimum of 100 years. 680 00:52:34,736 --> 00:52:38,234 There are more than 50 million people 681 00:52:38,236 --> 00:52:41,067 living in Byelorussia and Ukraine. 682 00:52:41,069 --> 00:52:42,903 Sixty, yes. 683 00:52:47,277 --> 00:52:49,109 And how long before this happens? 684 00:52:49,111 --> 00:52:52,986 Approximately 48 to 72 hours. 685 00:52:56,444 --> 00:52:58,943 But we may have a solution. 686 00:52:58,945 --> 00:53:00,818 We can pump the water from the tanks. 687 00:53:00,820 --> 00:53:04,317 Unfortunately, the tanks are sealed shut by a sluice gate, 688 00:53:04,319 --> 00:53:06,526 and the gate can only be opened manually 689 00:53:06,528 --> 00:53:08,150 from within the duct system itself. 690 00:53:08,152 --> 00:53:11,401 So we need to find three plant workers 691 00:53:11,403 --> 00:53:13,067 who know the facility well enough 692 00:53:13,069 --> 00:53:14,776 to enter the basement here, 693 00:53:14,778 --> 00:53:19,109 find their way through all these duct ways, 694 00:53:19,111 --> 00:53:21,275 get to the sluice gate valve here, 695 00:53:21,277 --> 00:53:25,818 and give us the access we need to pump out the tanks. 696 00:53:25,820 --> 00:53:28,651 Of course, we will need your permission. 697 00:53:28,653 --> 00:53:30,776 My permission for what? 698 00:53:30,778 --> 00:53:33,317 Uh, the water in these ducts, 699 00:53:33,319 --> 00:53:36,234 the level of radioactive contamination... 700 00:53:36,236 --> 00:53:38,653 They'll likely be dead in a week. 701 00:53:40,403 --> 00:53:44,152 We're asking for your permission to kill three men. 702 00:53:52,319 --> 00:53:53,776 Well... 703 00:53:53,778 --> 00:53:56,442 Comrade Legasov... 704 00:53:56,444 --> 00:54:00,194 (CLEARS THROAT) all victories inevitably come at a cost. 705 00:54:36,493 --> 00:54:38,576 (DOGS PANTING) 706 00:55:02,945 --> 00:55:05,069 (WIND BLOWING) 707 00:55:25,319 --> 00:55:29,234 LEGASOV: And open the sluice gate valve... here. 708 00:55:29,236 --> 00:55:31,317 The valve will be difficult to operate, 709 00:55:31,319 --> 00:55:33,234 so we'll need three men 710 00:55:33,236 --> 00:55:36,859 who will need to know the basement layout. 711 00:55:36,861 --> 00:55:40,901 And, of course, any volunteers will be rewarded. 712 00:55:40,903 --> 00:55:45,319 A yearly stipend of 400 rubles. 713 00:55:51,403 --> 00:55:56,442 And, uh, for those of you working in reactors one and two, promotions. 714 00:55:56,444 --> 00:56:00,275 Why are reactors one and two still operating at all? 715 00:56:00,277 --> 00:56:02,442 My friend was a security guard that night, 716 00:56:02,444 --> 00:56:04,109 and, uh, she's now dying. 717 00:56:04,111 --> 00:56:06,818 And we've all heard about the firemen. 718 00:56:06,820 --> 00:56:10,820 And now you want us to swim underneath a burning reactor? 719 00:56:11,611 --> 00:56:13,818 Do you even know how contaminated it is? 720 00:56:13,820 --> 00:56:15,818 (CLEARS THROAT) 721 00:56:15,820 --> 00:56:17,776 I... I don't have an exact number. 722 00:56:17,778 --> 00:56:20,653 You don't need an exact number to know if it'll kill us. 723 00:56:20,656 --> 00:56:22,573 But you can't even tell us that. 724 00:56:24,486 --> 00:56:26,984 Why should we do this? For what, 400 rubles? 725 00:56:26,986 --> 00:56:28,820 (MURMURS IN AGREEMENT) 726 00:56:30,444 --> 00:56:33,194 You'll do it because it must be done. 727 00:56:37,778 --> 00:56:41,152 You'll do it because nobody else can. 728 00:56:43,486 --> 00:56:47,152 And if you don't, millions will die. 729 00:56:48,319 --> 00:56:51,277 If you tell me that's not enough, I won't believe you. 730 00:56:52,486 --> 00:56:56,651 This is what has always set our people apart. 731 00:56:56,653 --> 00:56:59,861 A thousand years of sacrifice in our veins. 732 00:57:00,695 --> 00:57:03,486 And every generation must know its own suffering. 733 00:57:04,528 --> 00:57:07,359 I spit on the people who did this, 734 00:57:07,361 --> 00:57:09,986 and I curse the price I have to pay. 735 00:57:12,111 --> 00:57:14,609 But I'm making my peace with it, 736 00:57:14,611 --> 00:57:16,442 and now you make yours. 737 00:57:16,444 --> 00:57:19,194 And go into that water. 738 00:57:21,277 --> 00:57:23,025 Because it must be done. 739 00:57:23,027 --> 00:57:25,194 (DISTANT HELICOPTERS THRUMMING) 740 00:57:40,194 --> 00:57:41,736 Ananenko. 741 00:57:46,069 --> 00:57:47,569 Bezpalov. 742 00:57:52,533 --> 00:57:54,366 Baranov. 743 00:58:42,277 --> 00:58:44,444 (DISTANT HELICOPTERS THRUMMING) 744 00:59:49,403 --> 00:59:51,528 (DOSIMETERS CLICKING) 745 00:59:53,861 --> 00:59:55,986 (DOOR SHUTS) 746 00:59:59,194 --> 01:00:00,403 (GRUNTS) 747 01:00:47,111 --> 01:00:49,027 (DOSIMETER CLICKING) 748 01:01:13,403 --> 01:01:14,444 (GRUNTS) 749 01:01:41,736 --> 01:01:43,569 (DOSIMETER'S CLICKING GROWS LOUDER) 750 01:01:57,569 --> 01:01:59,653 (DOSIMETER CRACKLING LOUDLY) 751 01:02:09,277 --> 01:02:10,653 (GRUNTS) 752 01:02:14,152 --> 01:02:15,943 - (CLICKING GROWS LOUDER) - (WATER GUSHING) 753 01:02:15,945 --> 01:02:16,986 (GRUNTS URGENTLY) 754 01:02:23,277 --> 01:02:24,778 (GRUNTS) 755 01:02:33,653 --> 01:02:35,820 (DOSIMETER CLICKING RAPIDLY) 756 01:02:37,528 --> 01:02:39,820 - (TAPPING) - (GRUNTING) 757 01:02:44,736 --> 01:02:46,986 (DOSIMETERS CLICKING LOUDLY, RAPIDLY) 758 01:02:48,695 --> 01:02:49,736 (GRUNTS) 759 01:02:51,736 --> 01:02:53,901 (DOSIMETERS CLICKING LOUDLY, RAPIDLY) 760 01:02:53,903 --> 01:02:56,234 (MEN PANTING) 761 01:02:56,236 --> 01:02:57,275 (TAPPING) 762 01:02:57,277 --> 01:02:59,192 - (PANTING) - (TAPPING) 763 01:02:59,194 --> 01:03:01,361 (LOUD, RAPID CLICKING CONTINUING) 764 01:03:01,364 --> 01:03:04,673 - (TAPPING) - (RAPID, HEAVY BREATHING) 765 01:03:04,698 --> 01:03:06,449 (SILENCE) 766 01:03:06,452 --> 01:03:12,787 - Synced and corrected by VitoSilans - -- www.Addic7ed.com --